Page 63 - GALENIKA MEDICAL JOURNAL
P. 63
Dose titration and addition of diuretics lead to optimization of BP control and a high level of responders, which directly
reduces the risk of adverse cardiovascular (CV) events.
Keywords: hypertension, responders, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, cilazapril, risk factors for cardiovascular
adverse events
Literatura 18. Kellaway GS. A comparison of the efficacy of cilazapril versus
cilazapril plus hydrochlorothiazide in patients with mild to
moderate essential hypertension. Inhibace General Practice
1. Williams B, Mancia G, Spiering W, Agabiti Rosei E, Azizi Study Group. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1993;44(4):377-9.
M, Burnier M, et al; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2018 19. Holecki M, Szewieczek J, Chudek J. Effects of angiotensin-converting
ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial enzyme inhibitors beyond lowering blood pressure-are they
hypertension. Eur Heart J. 2018 Sep 1;39(33):3021-104.
important for doctors? Pharmacol Rep. 2011;63(3):740-51.
2. Vishram JK, Borglykke A, Andreasen AH, Jeppesen J, Ibsen H,
Jorgensen T, et al. MORGAM Project. Impact of age on the 20. Schiffrin EL. Remodeling of resistance arteries in human
importance of systolic and diastolic blood pressures for stroke hypertension: effects of cilazapril, an angiotensin-I-converting
risk: the MOnica, Risk,Genetics, Archiving, and Monograph enzyme inhibitor. Cardiology. 1995;86 Suppl 1:16-22.
(MORGAM) project. Hypertension. 2012 Nov;60(5):1117-23. 21. Flacco ME, Acuti Martellucci C, Bravi F, Parruti G, Cappadona R,
3. Brown DW, Giles WH, Greenlund KJ. Blood pressure Mascitelli A, et al. Treatment with ACE inhibitors or ARBs and risk of
severe/lethal COVID-19: a meta-analysis. Heart. 2020;106(19):1519-24.
parameters and risk of fatal stroke, NHANES II mortality
study. Am J Hypertens. 2007 Mar;20(3):338-41. 22. Baral R, White M, Vassiliou VS. Effect of Renin-Angiotensin-
Aldosterone System Inhibitors in Patients with COVID-19:
4. Visseren FLJ, Mach F, Smulders YM, Carballo D, Koskinas KC, Bäck a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 28,872 Patients.
M, et al; ESC National Cardiac Societies; ESC Scientific Document Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2020 Aug 24;22(10):61.
Group. 2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention
in clinical practice. Eur Heart J. 2021 Sep 7;42(34):3227-337. 23. Heinert S, Riggs R, Prendergast H. Emergency Department
5. Thomopoulos C, Parati G, Zanchetti A. Effects of blood Management of Hypertension in the Context of
pressure lowering on outcome incidence in hypertension. 1. COVID-19. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2022; 24:37-43.
Overview, meta-analyses, and meta-regression analyses of 24. Naik GOA. COVID-19 and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone
randomized trials. J Hypertens. 2014 Dec;32(12):2285-95. system. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;72(6):1105-7.
6. Ettehad D, Emdin CA, Kiran A, Anderson SG, Callender T, 25. Emami A, Javanmardi F, Pirbonyeh N, Akbari A. Prevalence of underlying
Emberson J, et al. Blood pressure lowering for prevention of diseases in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a systematic review
cardiovascular disease and death: a systematic review and and meta-analysis. Arch Acad Emerg Med.2020 Mar;8(1):e35.
meta-analysis. Lancet. 2016 Mar 5;387(10022):957-67.
26. Li B, Yang J, Zhao F, Zhi L, Wang X, Liu L, et al. Prevalence and
7. Howell SJ, Sear JW, Foëx P. Hypertension, hypertensive heart disease impact of cardiovascular metabolic diseases on COVID-19
and perioperative cardiac risk. Br J Anaesth. 2004 Apr;92(4):570-83. in China. Clin Res Cardiol. 2020 May;109(5):531-538.
8. Wolfsthal SD. Is blood pressure control necessary before 27. Javanmardi F, Keshavarzi A, Akbari A, Emami A, Pirbonyeh N. Prevalence
surgery? Med Clin North Am. 1993 Mar;77(2):349-63. of underlying diseases in died cases of COVID-19: A systematic
9. Aronson S, Boisvert D, Lapp W. Isolated systolic hypertension is review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2020 Oct 23;15(10):e0241265.
associated with adverse outcomes from coronary artery bypass 28. Richardson S, Hirsch JS, Narasimhan M, Crawford JM, McGinn
grafting surgery. Anesth Analg. 2002 May;94(5):1079-84. T, Davidson KW; the Northwell COVID-19 Research Consortium.
Presenting Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes
10. Goldman L, Caldera DL. Risks of general anesthesia Among 5700 Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in the
and elective operation in the hypertensive patient. New York City Area. JAMA. 2020 May 26;323(20):2052-9.
Anesthesiology. 1979 Apr;50(4):285-92.
11. Foëx P, Meloche R, Prys-Roberts C. Studies of anaesthesia in 29. Rodilla E, Saura A, Jiménez I, et al. Association of hypertension
relation to hypertension. 3. Pulmonary gas exchange during with all-cause mortality among hospitalized patients
spontaneous ventilation. Br J Anaesth. 1971 Jul;43(7):644-61. with COVID-19. J Clin Med. 2020;9(10).16–23].
12. Ponikowski P, Voors AA, Anker SD, Bueno H, Cleland JGF, Coats AJS, 30. Rodilla E, Saura A, Jiménez I, Mendizábal A, Pineda-Cantero
A, Lorenzo-Hernández E, et al. Association of Hypertension
et al; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the with All-Cause Mortality among Hospitalized Patients
diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The with COVID-19. J Clin Med. 2020 Sep 28;9(10):3136.
Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic
heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Developed
with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association
(HFA) of the ESC. Eur Heart J. 2016 Jul 14;37(27):2129-200.
13. Messerli FH, Bangalore S, Bavishi C, Rimoldi SF. Angiotensin-
Converting Enzyme Inhibitors in Hypertension: To Use or Not Konflikt interesa: Nema
to Use? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 Apr 3;71(13):1474-82.
14. Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, Casey DE Jr, Collins KJ, Primljeno: 16. 02. 2022.
Dennison Himmelfarb C, et al. 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/ Prihvaćeno: 25. 03. 2022.
AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Onlajn: 30. 06. 2022.
Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure
in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/
American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice
Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 May 15;71(19):e127-e248.
15. Szucs T. Cilazapril. A review. Drugs. 1991;41 Suppl 1:18-24.
16. Rosenthal JH. Therapeutic experience with cilazapril. J
Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1994;24 Suppl 2:S65-9.
17. Stevenson JG, Chideckel EW. Evaluation of cilazapril versus
captopril in patients with mild to moderate essential
hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens. 1994 Mar;16(2):179-96.
REVIJALNI RADOVI Galenika Medical Journal, 2022; 1(2):60-63. 63

