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sistema. Najznačajnije funkcionalne promene su u neuroendokrinoj osovini, a vitalne funkcije su
prilagođene ovom posebnom stanju .
41

U određenim okolnostima, posebno kod sindroma koji se označavaju kao prateći fenomeni procesa
spavanja, a pre svega su vezani za sleep-apnea sindrom i u manjoj meri hrkanje, postoje uslovi
za narušavanje dinamičkog ekvilibrijuma homeostatskih mehanizama, sa započinjanjem lanca
patofizioloških procesa koji vode razvoju sistemskih komplikacija.

Značaj ovim poremećajima daju naučno utemeljene činjenice o patofiziološkim procesima koji
nastaju kao rezultat narušenog procesa spavanja (hemodinamski, hemoreološki, hormonski i
drugi poremećaji) 12-14, 22-25, 30-38, 42-44 , a dodatno ih potkrepljuju epidemiološke studije o značajno većoj
učestalosti ozbiljnih kardio i cerebrovaskularnih oboljenja nakon perioda spavanja, neposredno po
buđenju 1-5, 38 .

Abstract

Rare, adequately designed clinical studies confirm clinical observations of the association of circadian rhythm and increased
frequency of cardiovascular events, especially sudden death, with the highest risk in the early morning hours . This
1-3
connection is also present for the increased frequency of cerebrovascular events in this period, but there is a diversity of
occurrence of certain forms of these diseases in relation to the circadian rhythm. Thus, the results of the research dedicated
to this problem suggest that the period between 6 and 12 h AM represents the time with the highest frequency of episodes
of ischemic brain disease, especially transient ischemic attacks, while for the syndrome of intracranial hemorrhage
(subarachnoid and intracerebral non-traumatic hemorrhage) there is a relatively equal representation compared to a
24-hour period. In an attempt to explain the etiopathogenesis of this sequence of events, various agents and factors are
mentioned, as well as physiological processes that normally follow the circadian rhythm. In this paper, attention will be
focused on sleep disorders as possible etiopathogenetic factor in development of cerebrovascular diseases, and other
important factors and processes that may have certain importance and be related to sleep disorders.

Keywords: insomnia, stroke, heart attack, sleep apnea, sleep stages, polysomnography

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